How is gum disease associated with diabetes?

Gum disease is a leading complication of diabetes. In fact, an estimated one-third of the 24 million Americans with diabetes develop gum disease – a rate three to four times higher than people without diabetes. Left untreated, gum disease can damage the tissues and bone surrounding the teeth and lead to tooth loss.

Diabetes is a serious disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin, a hormone that is needed to convert food into energy. Keeping the disease under control is critical, and some research suggests that people with diabetes who take care of their gums are better able to control their blood sugar levels. Because diabetics have a higher chance of developing gum disease, it is essential to maintain good oral health and have your dentist provide preventive treatment options.

Prevention Connection:  What can you do?

Prevention is key to maintaining good oral health and avoiding the risk of gum disease and other possible systemic conditions.  The following tips are suggested for regular preventive care:

• Brush your teeth twice a day.  Be sure to clean between teeth with floss or other type of interdental cleaner daily.
• Schedule regular dental checkups and cleanings.  Routine dental visits (twice a year or more) can detect early signs of gum disease and provide early treatment options.
• Eat a balanced diet and limit snacks that may contribute to tooth decay and gum disease.
• Tell your dentist about changes in your health.
• If you smoke, seek help with quitting.  Smoking can worsen gum problems.
• If you are diabetic, tell your dentist about your diabetes, medication(s) you take, whether you are insulin-dependent, and what your baseline sugar level is.
• If you are pregnant or thinking of becoming pregnant, pay particular attention to your oral hygiene.  Hormonal changes can exaggerate some dental problems.